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pH Measurement
pH matters for soil and crops, body chemistry, digestion and water quality. pH paper is cheap and approximate; pH meters are accurate but need calibration wi…
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Using the pH Scale to Identify Concentration of Acids and Bases
ACID
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AIR MASS
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AIR MOVEMENT
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BASES
A solution is a solute dissolved in a solvent. The pH scale (0–14, 7 neutral) measures hydrogen ion concentration. Concentration is expressed as % w/w, % v/v…
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Application of Acids and Bases in Salt Formation
A salt is formed (with water) when an acid reacts with a base. There are three routes: neutralisation, acid plus metal (gives hydrogen), and acid plus carbon…
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Acids, Alkalis/Bases and Water
Acids release hydrogen ions in water: they taste sour, have pH below 7, turn blue litmus red and react with bases, carbonates and metals. Bases/alkalis are b…
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